Gold Augments in TFT Set 15 - Patch 15.2c

List of Gold augments in TFT ranked S-tier by world champions. Updated with the current Meta!

All That ShimmersS

All That Shimmers

Choose a gold-generating Artifact item and gain a Magnetic Remover.
Crystal Gambit CrestS

Crystal Gambit Crest

Gain a Crystal Gambit Emblem.
Gold DestinyS

Gold Destiny

Gain a random Gold Augment and 4 gold.
Gold Destiny+S

Gold Destiny+

Gain a random Gold Augment and 6 gold.
Keepers IIS

Keepers II

Combat start: Grant units with adjacent allies a 230 Health Shield for 8 seconds. This Shield stacks.
Portable ForgeS

Portable Forge

Choose 1 of 4 Artifacts.
Solo LevelingS

Solo Leveling

For the next 5 combats, your team size is 1 but the champion you field has massively increased stats. Gain 1 XP for every kill they get. Afterwards, gain 2 item components.
A Golden QuestA

A Golden Quest

The first time you have 165 or more gold, gain a 2-star 5-cost champion and 2 items tailored to them.
Aim For The Top!A

Aim For The Top!

You are more likely to fight stronger players, and you know who you will fight. When you lose, gain 2 XP. Every 3 wins, gain a component.
All That Shimmers+A

All That Shimmers+

Choose a gold-generating Artifact. Gain a Magnetic Remover and 4 gold.
Best Friends IIA

Best Friends II

Units isolated in pairs gain 15% Attack Speed and 20 Armor at the start of combat.
Big Grab BagA

Big Grab Bag

Gain 3 random components, 2 gold, and 1 Reforger.
Bronze For Life IA

Bronze For Life I

Your team gains 2.5% Damage Amp for each Bronze-tier trait.
Calculated LossA

Calculated Loss

After losing your combat, gain 2 gold and a free Shop reroll.
Caretaker's FavorA

Caretaker's Favor

Gain a component anvil when you reach level 5, 6, 7, and 8.
Climb The Ladder IIA

Climb The Ladder II

Each time an ally dies, allies that share at least one trait with them gain 5 Ability Power, 5% Attack Damage, 5 Armor, and 5 Magic Resist.
Cloning FacilityA

Cloning Facility

Empower the hex in the center of the third row. Summon a clone of the champion in it with 80% base Health and 10% increased Mana cost.
Cluttered MindA

Cluttered Mind

Gain 4 random 1-cost champions now. If your bench is full at the end of player combat, gain 3 XP.
Crown's WillA

Crown's Will

Gain a Needlessly Large Rod. Your units gain 10 Ability Power and 8 Armor.
Deadlier BladesA

Deadlier Blades

Gain a Deathblade. Deathblades gain None*100% Attack Damage per None takedowns the wearer gets.
Duelist CrestA

Duelist Crest

Gain a Duelist Emblem.
Duo QueueA

Duo Queue

Gain 2 random 5-cost champions and 2 copies of a random component.
Explosive Growth+A

Explosive Growth+

At the start of the next 4 rounds, gain 11 XP.
Forward ThinkingA

Forward Thinking

Lose all your gold. After 5 player combats, gain back the original amount and another 70 gold.
Item Collector IIA

Item Collector II

Your team gains 20 Health. For each unique item they are holding, your team gains bonus 5 Health, 1 Attack Damage, and 1 Ability Power.
Juggernaut CrestA

Juggernaut Crest

Gain a Juggernaut Emblem.
KnuckledustersA

Knuckledusters

Gain a Vi. Your strongest Vi becomes an Attack Fighter. She now deals heavy single target damage and gains Attack Damage for item components equipped on your team.
Last Second SaveA

Last Second Save

The first time each ally falls below 35% Health, they restore 22% maximum Health.
Little BuddiesA

Little Buddies

Your 4-cost and 5-cost champions gain 55 Health and 6% Attack Speed for every 1-cost and 2-cost champion on your board.
Mace's WillA

Mace's Will

Gain a Sparring Gloves. Your team gains 6% Attack Speed and 20% Critical Strike Chance.
OverhealA

Overheal

Every third attack deals an additional 110% damage and heals 50% of the damage. Excess healing is converted to a shield up to 300 Health.
Pair of FoursA

Pair of Fours

If your team has exactly 2 4-cost champions, they each gain 374 Health and 24% Attack Speed. Gain a random 4-cost.
Patient StudyA

Patient Study

After player combat, gain 2 XP if you won or 3 XP if you lost.
Piercing SightA

Piercing Sight

Enemies take 1% damage as bonus true damage, increased by 1% up to 20% every time they take damage.
Plot ArmorA

Plot Armor

Your team gains 10 Armor and Magic Resist. After falling below 50% health, increase this to 40 for the rest of combat.
Preparation IIA

Preparation II

Champions on your bench permanently gain 45 Health, 3% Attack Damage, and 3 Ability Power every round. Champions start with 1 stack of this effect, and can stack up to 4 times.
ReinFOURcementA

ReinFOURcement

The next 4-cost champion you buy is instantly upgraded to 2-star. Gain 12 gold.
Salvage BinA

Salvage Bin

Gain 1 random completed item now, and 1 component after 7 player combats. Selling champions breaks completed items into components (excluding Tactician's items and Emblems).
Slammin'A

Slammin'

Gain 1 random component(s). After each player combat, if there are no items on your bench (other than consumables), gain 2 XP.
Slammin'+A

Slammin'+

Gain 1 random component(s) and 10 XP now. After each player combat, if there are no items on your bench (other than consumables), gain 2 XP.
Star Guardian CrestA

Star Guardian Crest

Gain a Star Guardian Emblem.
Sunfire BoardA

Sunfire Board

Combat Start: Burn all enemies for 12% of their max Health over 12 seconds and reduce healing received by 33%.
Tesla CoilA

Tesla Coil

Each of your allies with 3 items equipped emits 2 arcs of lightning every 5 seconds, dealing 250-375 magic damage based on stage.
Thorn-Plated ArmorA

Thorn-Plated Armor

Gain a Bramble Vest. Your Bramble Vests deal 1-180% more damage (based on Stage) and heal the holder for 30% of the damage dealt.
Tons of Stats!A

Tons of Stats!

Your team gains 44 Health, 4% Attack Damage, 4 Ability Power, 4 Armor, 4 Magic Resist, 4% Attack Speed, and 4 Mana.
Transfer StudentsA

Transfer Students

At the start of every stage and after every carousel round, gain 3 random 1-3 cost Battle Academia champions. Gain an Ezreal.
Treasure HuntA

Treasure Hunt

Earn a locked chest each Stage between now and Stage None. You can unlock each chest when you spend None Gold on shop rerolls. These chests persist until opened.
Water Lotus IA

Water Lotus I

Your team gains 5% Critical Strike chance, and their Abilities can critically strike. If an Ability critically strikes, restore 9% of your Mana over 3 seconds.
Worth the WaitA

Worth the Wait

Gain a random 1-cost champion. After 2 rounds, gain another copy of them at the start of each round for the rest of the game.
A Magic RollB

A Magic Roll

Roll 3 dice. Gain rewards based on their total.
And I'll Be The HeadB

And I'll Be The Head

The Mighty Mech gains 400 Health, 10% Damage Amp, and 10% Durability.

Field 7 Mighty Mech, reach level 10, and hold all 3 Mighty Mech Augments to activate MECHA-MERGE PROTOCOL.
Another One!+B

Another One!+

The next completed item you make grants another copy of it. Gain 1 component.
Backup DancersB

Backup Dancers

Combat start: Every 3 seconds, champions in your 3 rightmost bench slots grant your team 3% Attack Speed per slot.
Bastion CrestB

Bastion Crest

Gain a Bastion Emblem.
Battle Academia CrestB

Battle Academia Crest

Gain a Battle Academia Emblem.
Blazing Soul IB

Blazing Soul I

Combat start: Your highest Attack Speed champion gains 20 Ability Power and 20% Attack Speed. Repeat on another ally every 3 seconds.
Blood RageB

Blood Rage

Your units gain 5-35% Damage Amp based on their missing Health. Maximum Damage Amp gained at 30% Health.
Care PackageB

Care Package

Now and at the start of each stage, receive a care package with loot and 3 gold.
Clear MindB

Clear Mind

If there are no champions on your bench at the end of player combat, gain 3 XP.
Cooking PotB

Cooking Pot

At the start of each turn, all units holding a Frying Pan or Spatula item grant the nearest champion 40 permanent Health. Gain a Frying Pan.
Cry Me A RiverB

Cry Me A River

Gain a Tear of the Goddess. Your team gains 1 Mana Regen. After 15 seconds in combat, increase this to 2.
Cybernetic Uplink IIB

Cybernetic Uplink II

Your champions holding an item gain 120 Health and restore 2 Mana per second.
Deadlier CapsB

Deadlier Caps

Gain a Rabadon's Deathcap. Deathcaps gain None Ability Power per None takedowns the wearer gets.
Double TroubleB

Double Trouble

When you field exactly 2 copies of a champion, they both gain 33% Attack Damage and 33 Ability Power, Armor, and Magic Resist. When you 3-star, gain a 2-star copy.
Edgelord CrestB

Edgelord Crest

Gain an Edgelord Emblem.
EpochB

Epoch

Now, and at the start of every stage, gain 4 XP and 2 free rerolls.
Epoch+B

Epoch+

Now, and at the start of every stage, gain 8 XP and 3 free rerolls.
Escape VelocityB

Escape Velocity

Gain 1 Velocity per reroll, and 10 when you level up. Crew units gain 0.009999999776482582*100%% Attack Speed for every 3 Velocity.
Evil Beyond MeasureB

Evil Beyond Measure

Your champions deal 4.5% of their damage as True Damage for each Star level.
Explosive GrowthB

Explosive Growth

At the start of the next 4 rounds, gain 8 XP.
Fully AdaptedB

Fully Adapted

Gain an Adaptive Helm. Champions holding this item gain both effects.
Gain The EdgeB

Gain The Edge

Edgelords now gain up 300% of their Attack Speed bonus the lower health their target is, capping against enemies below 10% health. Gain a Shen and Xayah.
Game PlanB

Game Plan

Mark 1 hex per Strategist fielded. Allies standing in marked hexes gain 200 Health and 12% Damage Amp, Strategists gain 100% more. Gain a Janna and Ziggs.
Glass Cannon IIB

Glass Cannon II

Units that start combat in the back row begin combat at 90% health but gain 20% Damage Amp.
Gold For DummiesB

Gold For Dummies

Gain a Training Dummy. Every 10 seconds, all Training Dummies grant 1 gold.
Golden GuillotineB

Golden Guillotine

Executioner kills have a chance to drop loot, scaling with Critical Strike Chance. The value of the loot given can also critically strike, granting even more loot. Gain a Katarina and Kalista.
GolemifyB

Golemify

Lose all champions on your board and bench. Gain a Golem with 60% of their combined Health and 50% of their combined Attack Damage. The Golem gains 1000 Health per stage.
Hard BargainB

Hard Bargain

You cannot choose your Carousel rewards. Gain an additional 4 player health and 9 gold each carousel round.
Healing Orbs IIB

Healing Orbs II

When an enemy dies, the nearest ally is healed for 400.
Heavy Is The CrownB

Heavy Is The Crown

Gain a Crown of Demacia, which provides significant bonuses to the wearer. If the wearer dies, lose the round.
Heavyweight CrestB

Heavyweight Crest

Gain a Heavyweight Emblem.
Hefty RollsB

Hefty Rolls

Your team gains None Health and size for each time you've rolled this game.
Hero 101B

Hero 101

The first time you win 4 player combats, all Battle Academia champions gain 200 Health and 15% reduced max Mana. Gain a Garen and Ezreal.
Heroic Grab BagB

Heroic Grab Bag

Gain 2 Lesser Champion Duplicators. Gain 7 gold.
Heroic Grab Bag+B

Heroic Grab Bag+

Gain 2 Lesser Champion Duplicators. Gain 9 gold.
Heroic Grab Bag++B

Heroic Grab Bag++

Gain 2 Lesser Champion Duplicators. Gain 13 gold.
High VoltageB

High Voltage

Gain an Ionic Spark. Your Ionic Sparks have +3 hex radius and do 15% more damage.
I'll Be The ArmsB

I'll Be The Arms

The Mighty Mech gains 60% Attack Speed. Gain a Senna and Gangplank.

Field 7 Mighty Mech, reach level 10, and hold all 3 Mighty Mech Augments to activate MECHA-MERGE PROTOCOL.
I'll Be The LegsB

I'll Be The Legs

The Mighty Mech gains 25 Armor and Magic Resist and 300 Health. Gain 3 Mighty Mech champions.

Field 7 Mighty Mech, reach level 10, and hold all 3 Mighty Mech Augments to activate MECHA-MERGE PROTOCOL.
Investment Strategy IB

Investment Strategy I

Your champions gain 7 permanent max Health per interest you earn.
Know Your EnemyB

Know Your Enemy

Your team deals 10% more damage.

Deal 15% more damage instead if you and your opponent have any of the same traits active.
Luchador CrestB

Luchador Crest

Gain a Luchador Emblem.
Malicious MonetizationB

Malicious Monetization

Gain 2 gold. For the next 3 rounds, enemy champions drop 2 gold when killed.
MoonlightB

Moonlight

Combat start: 1 random 1-cost champion is upgraded to 3-star for that round and gains 45% Attack Damage and 45 Ability Power.
Multi-MechB

Multi-Mech

You no longer gain the Mighty Mech. Instead, all Mighty Mech champions gain 40% of the Health, Ability Power, and Attack Damage the Mech would have.

Gain an Aatrox.
New ContendersB

New Contenders

Grant 50% of Supreme Cell's bonus to all champions on your team. Any champion on your team can now become the Supreme Cell. Gain a Kai'Sa and Kennen.
Noble SacrificeB

Noble Sacrifice

When your first ally dies each combat, grant your team 25 + 10% of that ally's Armor and Magic Resistance.
Pandora's Items IIB

Pandora's Items II

Round start: items on your bench are randomized.

Gain 2 random components.
PilferB

Pilfer

Each round, gain a 1-star copy of the first champion you killed last combat.
Power of FriendshipB

Power of Friendship

Star Guardians who start combat adjacent to at least one other Star Guardian gain 2 Mana Regeneration, 15 Armor, and 15 Magic Resist.
Power UploadB

Power Upload

You can give the Mighty Mech a Power Up. When it has Power Up the Mighty Mech gains 150 Health and 10% Damage Amp.

Gain an Aatrox, a Senna, and a Power Remover.
Precise ShotB

Precise Shot

Every 3 seconds, all Sniper champions fire a shot that deals 175% of their Basic Attack Damage to the lowest health enemy in range. Gain a Jhin.
Preemptive ProtectionB

Preemptive Protection

Combat start: Protectors shield themselves and their closest ally for 14% of their maximum health. Shields stack. Gain a Rakan.
PrizefighterB

Prizefighter

Gain 2 item components. Every 5 wins gives you an item component.
Prodigy CrestB

Prodigy Crest

Gain a Prodigy Emblem.
Protector CrestB

Protector Crest

Gain a Protector Emblem.
Psychic ForgeB

Psychic Forge

Round start Completed Items on benched units turn into one of their recommended items. Gain a random completed item.
Pumping Up IIB

Pumping Up II

Your team gains 8% Attack Speed now. Each round after, they gain 1% more.
PyromaniacB

Pyromaniac

Gain a Red Buff. Your Burns deal 50% increased damage.
Quiet QuittingB

Quiet Quitting

For the next 3 player combats, you cannot use your shop. After, gain 16 gold and a Completed Item Anvil.
Raid BossB

Raid Boss

Your strongest Bastion champion gains 20% max Health. When other Bastions die, they transfer 20% of their Armor and Magic Resist to it. Gain a Shen and Rell.
Raining GoldB

Raining Gold

Gain 8 gold now and 1 gold every round.
Raining Gold+B

Raining Gold+

Gain 18 gold now and 1 gold every round.
ReplicationB

Replication

Choose 1 of 3 components. For the next 2 rounds, gain a copy of that component.
Salvage Bin+B

Salvage Bin+

Gain 1 random completed item now, and 1 component after 4 player combats. Selling champions breaks completed items into components (excluding Tactician's items and Emblems).
Sated SpellweaverB

Sated Spellweaver

After casting an Ability, champions gain 15% Omnivamp for 3 seconds. Excess healing is converted to a shield up to 500 Health.
ScapegoatB

Scapegoat

Gain a Training Dummy and 4 gold. If it is the first to die each player combat, gain 1 gold.
ScavengerB

Scavenger

The first 5 enemy champions that are killed each combat grant a champion on your team a temporary completed item.
Scoreboard ScrapperB

Scoreboard Scrapper

Every round, if you're in the bottom 4, your team permanently gains 1.5% Attack Damage and Ability Power. If you're in the Top 4, they have 10% more Health.
Sniper CrestB

Sniper Crest

Gain a Sniper Emblem.
Sorcerer CrestB

Sorcerer Crest

Gain an Sorcerer Emblem.
Soul Fighter CrestB

Soul Fighter Crest

Gain a Soul Fighter Emblem.
Soul SurgeB

Soul Surge

When they hit Max Power, Soul Fighters gain 45% Attack Speed and 10% Durability for 5 seconds.
Space CampB

Space Camp

Whenever you star-up a Crew champion, gain a random bonus 1-3 cost Crew champion. Gain a Malphite and Sivir.
Spear's WillB

Spear's Will

Your team gains 10% Attack Damage and 5 Mana. Gain a B.F. Sword.
Spirit LinkB

Spirit Link

Champions restore 5% of their max Health every 4 seconds. Increase the healing by 0.5% for every 10 missing player Health.
Star PowerB

Star Power

Star Guardians with a Power Up grant 150% increased Star Guardian bonuses. Gain a Xayah.
Stars are BornB

Stars are Born

The first 1-cost and 2-cost champions you buy are instantly upgraded to 2-star. Gain 7 gold.
Strategist CrestB

Strategist Crest

Gain a Strategist Emblem.
Supreme Cells CrestB

Supreme Cells Crest

Gain a Supreme Cells Emblem.
Teacher's CouncilB

Teacher's Council

Mentor bonuses are increased by 100%, and granted to your team regardless of how many Mentors you play. Gain an Udyr.
The God's Eye OpensB

The God's Eye Opens

Every 4 seconds the God's Eye grants a random Soul Fighter 250 shield and 15% stacking Attack Speed for the rest of combat. Gain a Kalista and Naafiri.
The Strongest SurviveB

The Strongest Survive

Whenever an ally dies, they grant the Supreme Cell with the most damage this round 6% of their maximum health. Gain a Kai'Sa and Kennen.
Time SkipB

Time Skip

Disable your Shop for the next 3 rounds. Then gain 28 XP.
Tournament FavoritesB

Tournament Favorites

Soul Fighters gain Fame when they deal damage. Each Fame breakpoint grants loot. Gain a Naafiri and Kalista.
Tower DefenseB

Tower Defense

Gain a Training Dummy equipped with a random emblem that fires ranged attacks at enemies. It upgrades as the game goes on.
Trade SectorB

Trade Sector

Gain a free Shop reroll every round. Gain 4 gold.
Trifecta IB

Trifecta I

Gain 2 3-cost champions.
Combat Start: 3 random 3-cost champions gain 220 Health and 20% Attack Speed.
Twilight AssaultB

Twilight Assault

Gain a Shen. Your strongest Shen becomes a ranged Marksman gaining +3 Range. His ability no longer shields but instead deals additional damage.
Two Much ValueB

Two Much Value

Gain 1 reroll for every 2 unique two-cost champions fielded last combat. Gain 2 two-cost unit.
Two TrickB

Two Trick

Gain a random 2-star 2-cost and 2 random 2-star 1-cost champions.
Unbound ArcanaB

Unbound Arcana

Every 2 seconds, Prodigies gain Ability Power equal to 50% of their Mana Regeneration (rounded down).
UnceasingB

Unceasing

Whenever an ally Juggernaut dies, all other Juggernauts gain a 10% max Health shield for 5 seconds and gain 2% more Durability. Gain an Aatrox and Dr. Mundo.
Wandering Trainer IB

Wandering Trainer I

Gain a Training Dummy with 2 permanently attached Emblems. Gain 1 gold.
A Story of SevenC

A Story of Seven

Collect Golden Balls by defeating players in combat. Collect all 7 for a reward, then restart the quest with more powerful rewards.

Gain a 2-star 1-cost champion to start your journey.
Another One!C

Another One!

The next completed item you make grants an additional copy of it. Gain 1 gold now.
AscensionC

Ascension

After 15 seconds of combat, your units gain 60% Damage Amp.
Aura FarmingC

Aura Farming

Gain a 2-star 5-cost champion equipped with 1 item. You cannot field it until 4-6.
Big Friend IIC

Big Friend II

Your units that start combat next to an ally with over 1750 Health gain 10% Durability.
Dazzling DisplayC

Dazzling Display

Enemies who take damage from Sorcerer Abilities deal 20 less damage for 4 seconds. Gain a Lux and a Lucian.
Deepening ShadowsC

Deepening Shadows

At combat start and whenever the Shadow Realm strikes, Wraith champions gain 5% Attack Damage and 5 Ability Power. Gain a Jhin and Zac.
Destroyer CrestC

Destroyer Crest

Gain a Destroyer Emblem.
Diamond HandsC

Diamond Hands

Gain 30% more Gems from Crystal Gambit, but lose 20% of your total Gems when you win player combats. You can only cashout one more time on round 4-7.
Exclusive CustomizationC

Exclusive Customization

Gain a Lucky Item Chest and a Magnetic Remover and 5 gold.
Give 'em the Chair!C

Give 'em the Chair!

Gain a Dr. Mundo. Your strongest Dr. Mundo becomes a Ranged Marksman. He now throws chairs that deal heavy damage, but cost Health.
Grand SlamC

Grand Slam

At combat start, all Luchadors leap into battle. Luchador leaps deal 300% of their Basic Attack Damage. Gain a Gnar.
Howling GaleC

Howling Gale

For every 600 Mana your team spends, summon a whirlwind that knocks up enemies.
HustlerC

Hustler

You earn no interest, but gain 3 gold at the start of every player combat round. Gain 3 gold now.
Learn From The BestC

Learn From The Best

Whenever you star-up a champion they permanently gain 50% of your unique owned Mentor champion's Mentor bonus. Gain a Yasuo.
Ring The BellC

Ring The Bell

After 15 seconds, your Heavyweight champions gain 30% max Health and 30% Damage Amp. Gain a Kobuko and a Zac.
Spoils of War IIC

Spoils of War II

Enemies have a 30% chance to drop loot when killed.
StarfallC

Starfall

Gain a Neeko. Your strongest Neeko becomes a Magic Fighter and gains increased Attack Speed. Her Ability heals more, deals more damage, and increases its radius with every cast.
The Darkness WithinC

The Darkness Within

The first 3 Wraith champions to die each combat summon a monstrosity from the Shadow Realm. Gain a Jhin and Zac.
Tiny TeamC

Tiny Team

When you field 3 or less Star Guardians, increase Star Guardian bonuses by 175%. Gain a Syndra and Rell.
Tomb Raider IC

Tomb Raider I

For the next 3 players eliminated, choose one of their completed items to keep.
Tournament TitansC

Tournament Titans

Luchadors gain 5% Attack Speed. Whenever you win player combats, Luchadors grow in size and permanently gain 2 Attack Damage and 40 Health. Gain a Dr Mundo and Gnar.
Vampiric VitalityC

Vampiric Vitality

You heal for 12% of the damage you deal to enemy Tacticians. Your units gain 12% Omnivamp.
WarpathC

Warpath

After dealing 80 player damage, gain a chest of high cost champions and items.
Wraith CrestC

Wraith Crest

Gain a Wraith Emblem.
Adaptive Style

Adaptive Style

On attack, Duelists gain 2 Attack Damage and Ability Power, stacking up to 15 times. Duelist Tanks instead gain 2 Armor and Magic Resist. Gain a Kai'Sa and Kayle.
Burning Bright

Burning Bright

Gain an Udyr. Your strongest Udyr becomes an Attack Fighter and sends bouncing gusts of flame out with every attack. His spell no longer rapidly attacks, but instead grants him stacking Attack Speed.
Class President

Class President

Combat start: Powered Up Battle Academia champions and allies adjacent to one gain 70 Health, 8% AD, and 8% AP. Battle Academia units gain double. Gain a Katarina
Mighty Mech Crest

Mighty Mech Crest

Gain a Mighty Mech Crest.
NO SCOUT NO PIVOT

NO SCOUT NO PIVOT

Units can no longer be benched or sold after fighting in a player combat. After each player combat, units that fought gain 14 Health, 2% Attack Damage, and 2% Ability Power.
Salvage Bin

Salvage Bin

Gain 1 random completed item now, and 1 component after 3 player combats. Selling champions breaks completed items into components (excluding Tactician's items and Emblems).